Compared to third quarter of 2024, adult vaccination claims were up 6% in Q3 2025. This general upward trend was observed across points of access and races/ethnicities, though claims declined for all insurance coverage types except commercial. Additionally, vaccination claims for adults aged 64-74 years declined, while they remained flat for adults aged ≥75 years and increased for younger adult age groups, especially adults aged 50-64 years (Table 1).

Table 1. Adult Vaccination Claims* by Point of Access, Insurance Coverage Type, and Race/Ethnicity, Q3 2024-Q3 2025

Claims across vaccine types included in Vaccine Track continued to follow overall trends. Specifically, pneumococcal vaccination claims have continued to rise through Q3 2025. While claims increased by an average of 14.7% across all age groups from Q2 to Q3, claims for adults aged 50-64 years were 4.1 times higher on average in Q3 compared to other age groups (i.e., adults aged 19-49, 65-74, and ≥75 years), continuing from the October 2024 expanded recommendation for pneumococcal vaccination in this age group from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). While claims for this age group rose every quarter, claims for other age groups followed expected seasonal trends – increases into Q4, followed by a dip early the following year before rising again in Q3 (Figure 1).

Figure 1. Adult Pneumococcal Vaccination Claims by Age Group, Q1 2024-Q3 2025

Overall adult vaccination claims, excluding those for influenza, COVID-19, and RSV, increased 29.3% during this period. Pneumococcal vaccination claims increased approximately 75% – more than increases observed for hepatitis A, hepatitis B, and Td/Tdap vaccination – suggesting that pneumococcal vaccination claims drove overall trends.

MSA Trends Show Local Variation

Overall claims in more than 80% of MSAs (317/388) increased from Q2 to Q3 2025. The greatest percent increase was observed for Walla Walla, WA (+77%), while the greatest percent decrease was observed for Grand Island, NE (-44%) (Figure 2).

Claims increased in 77% of non-MSAs (37/48) from Q2 to Q3 2025. The greatest percent increase was observed for AZ (+33%), while the greatest percent decrease was observed for ND (-16%).

Figure 2. Percent Change in Vaccination Claims,* Q3 vs. Q2 2025, Top and Bottom MSAs

Overall increases in pneumococcal vaccination claims were not observed for all MSAs. For example, in Green Bay, WI, pneumococcal claims declined 43% in Q3 2025 compared to Q2. Longer term trends in Green Bay show that, despite an initial increase for adults aged 50-64 years following the expanded ACIP recommendation, claims fell sharply beginning in Q1 2025. Even in Walla Walla, WA, where pneumococcal claims increased for adults aged 50-64 years from Q1 2024 to Q3 2025, claims declined sharply in Q2 2025 before rebounding 342% in Q3 (Figure 3).

Figure 3. Pneumococcal Vaccination Claims by Age Group, Green Bay, WI and Walla Walla, WA, Q1 2024-Q3 2025

Policy Factors May Drive Local Shifts

Policy decisions at the state and federal levels play a critical role in shaping local vaccine access and uptake. In Washington, programs such as the State Adult Vaccine Program provide vaccines at no cost to uninsured adults aged ≥19 years using funds from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) Section 317 Immunization Program, and the Secretary of Health’s standing order that allows providers to administer COVID-19 vaccines beyond the scope of federal recommendations, demonstrate strong support for expanding vaccine access. These initiatives strengthen local advocacy efforts and increase community vaccination opportunities.

Similarly, differences in pneumococcal vaccine claims between Green Bay and Walla Walla, reflected across care settings and insurance coverage types (Table 2), may highlight how policy variations can drive local shifts. While pharmacy claims grew in both metro areas, medical claims declined in Green Bay. This observed decline in Green Bay may coincide with a similar decline among Medicaid enrollees, potentially resulting from the exclusion of pneumococcal vaccines from pharmacist reimbursement in Medicaid in Wisconsin. This policy limits a pharmacist’s ability to administer pneumococcal vaccines, likely shifting Medicaid enrollees to medical settings, and underscores a gap in vaccine access.

Table 2. Pneumococcal Vaccination Claims by Point of Access and Insurance Coverage Type, Green Bay, WI and Walla Walla, WA, Q3 2025

Influence of Local Advocacy Efforts in Washington

Coalition outreach efforts may also contribute to increasing pneumococcal vaccine uptake observed in Walla Walla. Immunization Action Coalition Washington (IACW), for example, prioritizes advocating for increased mobile vaccination efforts and dissemination of multilingual educational materials to communities with limited English proficiency. Additionally, WithinReach, an organization dedicated to building healthy communities in Washington, partners with IACW to combat vaccine misinformation and serve as “a reliable source of evidence-based vaccine information.” While these activities are not exclusively focused on Walla Walla, statewide advocacy likely influences outcomes across localities.

About Vaccine Track

Vaccine Track measures adult vaccinations through claims data.

Vaccine Track currently includes claims for adults ≥19 years of age who were vaccinated with host of adult vaccines, including hepatitis A, hepatitis B, tetanus-diphtheria (Td), tetanus-diphtheria-pertussis (Tdap), shingles, pneumococcal, influenza (flu) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).

While flu vaccination claims are included in the interactive data tools, they are typically not included in Vaccine Track insights due to their strong seasonality and the availability of robust analyses of flu vaccination trends provided by the CDC. RSV vaccination claims are similarly excluded from overall adult claims analyses due to their association with the respiratory virus season.

Not all vaccines are indicated or recommended for all adults, and the inclusion of the full adult data set should not be interpreted as promoting or endorsing the use of any vaccine beyond its FDA-approved indication(s) or CDC recommendations.

Vaccine Track provides race/ethnicity data stratification. Race/ethnicity data are self-reported and may not be available for all people who received a vaccination. These data may not be representative of the entire US population.